Panpharma Heparin Injection 25000IU/5ml

✔️ Uses of Heparin Injection

• Prevention of Blood clots

✔️ Ingredients: Heparin Injection

Heparin Sodium

✔️ How does Heparin Injection work?

Heparin Injection is an anticoagulant. It works by preventing the formation of harmful blood clots. Although it does not dissolve the existing blood clots, it prevents them from growing larger and causing blockages in the blood vessels.

✔️ Side Effects of Heparin Injection

• Hypersensitivity reactions (e.g., chills, fever, urticaria, asthma, rhinitis).
• Painful or cyanotic limbs, osteoporosis (with long-term use), hyperkalemia, skin necrosis, temporary hair loss, priapism, rebound hyperlipemia.
• Increased levels of liver enzymes (AST, ALT), prolonged prothrombin time.
• Local reactions, such as irritation, redness, pain, hematoma, or ulceration at the injection site.

✔️ Quick Suggestions:

• It is given as an injection or drip into the veins by a healthcare professional.
• Notify your doctor if you see blood in your urine or stool or any unusual bleeding from your skin, gums, or nose.
• Inform your doctor if you experience rash, itching, or swelling of the face, tongue, and throat while you receive this medicine.

✔️ Indication of Heparin Injection

Heparin Injection is primarily used to prevent and treat blood clots by inhibiting the production of fibrin (a protein that binds platelets together and forms a clot). Heparin Injection also reduces the risk of blood clots during surgeries (like heart surgery). Heparin Injection is used as an anticoagulant in blood transfusion and a dialysis procedure.

✔️ Pharmacology

Heparin prevents blood clot formation by inhibiting multiple steps in the coagulation system. It works with antithrombin III to stop the formation of fibrin clots both inside and outside the body. Small amounts of heparin combined with antithrombin III inactivate Factor X, preventing the conversion of prothrombin to thrombin. In cases of active thrombosis, larger doses prevent further clotting by inactivating thrombin, stopping the conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, and blocking stable clot formation. Therapeutic doses of heparin prolong clotting time, although low doses do not significantly affect it.

✔️ Dosage & Administration: Heparin Injection

Intravenous:

• For preventing coronary artery re-occlusion after thrombolytic therapy (myocardial infarction): 60 U/kg (up to 4,000 U), or a 5,000 U bolus if streptokinase was used, followed by 12 U/kg/hr (maximum 1,000 U/hr) for 48 hours.
• For peripheral arterial embolism, unstable angina, and venous thromboembolism: 75-80 U/kg or 5,000 U (or 10,000 U in severe pulmonary embolism) IV loading dose, followed by 18 U/kg or 1,000-2,000 U/hr infusion. Alternatively, 5,000-10,000 U can be given every 4-6 hours.
• Pediatric: 50 U/kg loading dose followed by an infusion of 15-25 U/kg/hr.
• Elderly: Lower doses may be necessary.

Subcutaneous Administration:

• Postoperative Venous Thromboembolism Prevention: 5,000 U two hours before surgery, then 8-12 hourly for seven days or until the patient becomes mobile.
• Venous Thromboembolism Treatment: 15,000-20,000 U every 12 hours or 8,000-10,000 U every eight hours. For children, 250 U/kg twice daily. Lower doses may be required for the elderly.

(Use this medication under the guidance of a registered physician)

✔️ Special Advise

Regular blood tests are advised while taking Heparin Injection to monitor prothrombin, platelets, and coagulation time on a regular basis.

✔️ Interaction

Heparin's anticoagulant effect can be increased by drugs affecting platelets or coagulation (e.g., platelet inhibitors, thrombolytics, salicylates, NSAIDs, and vitamin K antagonists). Its effect can be reduced by glyceryl trinitrate infusion. ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II antagonists may raise the risk of hyperkalemia when taken with heparin.

✔️ Contraindications:

Heparon is contraindicated in patients with:

• Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (current or history).
• Hemorrhagic conditions (e.g., uncontrolled hypertension, severe liver disease, active peptic ulcer).
• Certain surgeries (CNS, eyes, ears).
• Conditions like intracranial hemorrhage or septic endocarditis.
• Pregnant women undergoing epidural anesthesia during childbirth or elective surgery.

✔️ Pregnancy & Lactation

• Pregnancy Category C: Studies in animals have shown adverse effects on the fetus, and there are no controlled studies in humans. Heparin should only be used if the potential benefits outweigh the risks.
• Breastfeeding: Due to its large molecular size, heparin is unlikely to be excreted in breast milk. However, caution is advised, as benzyl alcohol present in maternal serum may pass into breast milk and be absorbed by a nursing infant.

✔️ Precautions & Warnings

• Use with caution in patients with an increased risk of bleeding, high blood pressure, diabetes, or pre-existing metabolic acidosis.
• Avoid using catheter lock flushes.
• Monitor closely in patients with liver or kidney impairment.
• Exercise caution in the elderly and during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
• Limited data on the safety and effectiveness of heparin in children. Pediatric dosing is based on clinical experience. Ensure proper selection of heparin vials to avoid medication errors.

✔️ Overdose Management:

• Symptoms: Excessive bleeding, including nosebleeds, blood in urine, or tarry stools.
• Treatment: Administer protamine sulfate via IV infusion to neutralize the effects of heparin. (1 mg of protamine sulfate neutralizes approximately 100 U of heparin, with a maximum dose of 50 mg).

✔️ Storage Conditions:

Store at 20-25°C. Protect from freezing.